Image format guide
What each format is for, where it shines, where it hurts — and how to convert out of it when it gets in your way.
JPEG
1992The universal photo format. Small files, opens everywhere, no transparency.
PNG
1996Lossless with full transparency. The standard for screenshots, logos and UI graphics.
WebP
2010Google's web format: ~30% smaller than JPEG, supports transparency and animation.
AVIF
2019The best compression available in browsers today — often half the size of JPEG.
JPEG XL
2021The designated JPEG successor: superb quality, lossless JPEG recompression, HDR.
QOI
2021A tiny, blazing-fast lossless format loved by game developers.
GIF
1987The ancient animation format. 256 colors, universally supported, huge files.
BMP
1990Uncompressed Windows bitmaps. Huge files — almost always worth converting.
TIFF
1986The professional print and scanning format. High quality, very large, not web-viewable.
ICO
1985The favicon and Windows icon container format.
HEIC
2015The iPhone photo format. Half the size of JPEG — until you try to open it anywhere else.
SVG
2001Vector graphics — infinitely scalable. Rasterize to PNG/JPEG for apps that need pixels.
PSD
1990Photoshop working files. Convert the flattened image to PNG or JPEG for sharing.
TGA
1984A retro format that lives on in game modding and 3D texture pipelines.
EXR
2003Hollywood’s HDR format for VFX renders. Tone-map to PNG/JPEG for viewing.
CR2
2004Canon DSLR RAW files. Convert to JPEG to share, keep the RAW as your negative.
NEF
1999Nikon RAW files. Develop to JPEG or PNG right in your browser.
ARW
2006Sony Alpha RAW files. Convert to JPEG without installing anything.
DNG
2004The standardized RAW format used by Adobe, Leica, and phone “Pro” camera modes.